Dictionary
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Term
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Definition
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4
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Guineas
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The guinea is a coin that was minted in the Kingdom of England and later in the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United Kingdom between 1663 and 1815.[1] It was the first English machine-struck gold coin, originally worth one pound sterling,[1] equal to twenty shillings; but rises in the price of gold caused the value of the guinea to increase, at times to as high as thirty shillings; from 1717 until 1816, its value was officially fixed at twenty-one shillings. Following that, Great Britain adopted the gold standard and guinea became a colloquial or specialised term.
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5
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Pint
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A pint glass is a drinking vessel made to hold either a British ("imperial") pint of 20 imperial fluid ounces (568 mL) or an American pint of 16 US fluid ounces (473 mL). These glasses are used predominantly to serve beer.
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5
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Wotsit
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Slang for "What is it"
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5
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Hunter (Horse Breed)
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A field hunter, or a fox hunter, is a type of horse used in the hunt field for fox hunting. It may be of any breed, but should possess stamina, a level head, and bravery. The horse should have a safe jump, so as not to get caught on any of the solid obstacles found in the hunt field.
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5
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Thouroughbred
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The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Although the word thoroughbred is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed. Thoroughbreds are considered "hot-blooded" horses, known for their agility, speed and spirit.
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5
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Draught
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A draft horse (US), draught horse (UK) or dray horse (from the Old English dragan meaning to draw or haul; compare Dutch dragen meaning to carry), less often called a work horse or heavy horse, is a large horse bred for hard, heavy tasks such as ploughing and farm labor. There are a number of different breeds, with varying characteristics but all share common traits of strength, patience, and a docile temperament which made them indispensable to generations of pre-industrial farmers.
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6
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Bleating
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1. (of a sheep, goat, or calf) Make a characteristic wavering cry: "the lamb was bleating weakly".
2. Speak or complain in a weak, querulous, or foolish way: "he bleated incoherently about the report". |
9
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Shilling
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The shilling is a unit of currency formerly used in Britain and some current and former British Commonwealth countries. The word shilling comes from scilling, an accounting term that dates back to Anglo-Saxon times where it was deemed to be the value of a cow in Kent or a sheep elsewhere. The word is thought to derive from the base skell-, "to ring/resound" and the diminutive suffix -ling.[1] The slang term for a shilling as a currency unit was a "bob".
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10
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Slip-Noose
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A noose is a loop at the end of a rope in which the knot slides to make the loop collapsible.
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10
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Hash
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Hash is a dish consisting of diced meat, potatoes, and spices that are mixed together and then cooked either alone or with other ingredients such as onions.[1] The name is derived from the French verb hacher (to chop).[2]
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11
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Harness
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A horse harness is a type of horse tack that allows a horse or other equine to pull various horse-drawn vehicles such as a carriage, wagon or sleigh. Harnesses may also be used to hitch animals to other loads such as a plow or canal boat.
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14
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Feed
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Horses are non-ruminant herbivores of a type known as a "hindgut fermenter." This means that horses have only one stomach, as do humans. However, unlike humans, they also have to digest plant fiber (largely cellulose) that comes from grass and hay. Therefore, unlike ruminants, which digest fiber in plant matter by use of a multichambered stomach, horses use microbial fermentation in a part of the digestive system known as the cecum (or caecum) to break down the cellulose.[1]
In practical terms, horses prefer to eat small amounts of food steadily throughout the day, as they do in nature when grazing on pasture.[2] Although this is not always possible with modern stabling practices and human schedules that favor feeding horses twice a day, it is important to remember the underlying biology of the animal when determining what to feed, how often, and in what quantities. |
17
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Whip
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A crop, sometimes called a riding crop or hunting crop, is a short type of whip without a lash, used in horse riding, part of the family of tools known as horse whips.
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17
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Plough
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The plough (BrE) or plow (AmE; see spelling differences; /ˈplaʊ/) is a tool (or machine) used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting. It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history, and represents one of the major advances in agriculture.
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23
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August 4th 1914
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England Declares War on Germany
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26
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Yeomanry
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Yeomanry is a designation used by a number of units or sub-units of the British Territorial Army, descended from volunteer cavalry regiments. Today, Yeomanry units may serve in a variety of different military roles.
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26
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Kaiser
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Kaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". Like the Russian Czar it is directly derived from the Roman Emperors' title of Caesar, which in turn is derived from the personal name of a branch of the gens (clan) Julia, to which Gaius Julius Caesar, the forebear of the first imperial family, belonged. Although the British monarchs styled "Emperor of India" were also called "Kaisar-i-Hind" in Hindi and Urdu, this word, although ultimately sharing the same Latin origin, is derived from the Greek Kaisar, not the German Kaiser.[1]
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26
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Semaphore
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Semaphore Flags is the system for conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position. Semaphores were adopted and widely used (with hand-held flags replacing the mechanical arms of shutter semaphores) in the maritime world in the 19th century.[citation needed] It is still used during underway replenishment at sea and is acceptable for emergency communication in daylight or, using lighted wands instead of flags, at night.[citation needed]
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26
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Sequestering
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Sequestration is the act of removing, separating, or seizing anything from the possession of its owner under process of law for the benefit of creditors or the state.[1]
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26
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Muster
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The term muster designates the process or event for the of accounting for members in a military unit.
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27
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Pounds
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The pound is a unit of currency in some nations. The term originated in Great Britain as the value of a pound (weight) of silver.
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27
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Sixpence
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The sixpence, known colloquially as the tanner, or half-shilling, was a British pre-decimal coin, worth six (pre-1971) pence, or 1/40th of a pound sterling.
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28
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Splints
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Splints is an ailment of the horse or pony, characterized by a hard, bony swelling, usually on the inside of a front leg, lying between the splint and cannon bone or on the splint bone itself. It may be "hot," meaning that it occurred recently and is still painful; or "cold," meaning that the splint has completely recovered and there is no longer any swelling or pain associated with it. Bucked shins are sometimes called 'shin splints,' which involve small stress fractures of the dorsal cannon bone, often seen in race training, and discussed elsewhere.
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28
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Curbs
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Curb is defined in older literature as enlargement secondary to inflammation and thickening of the long plantar ligament in horses.[1] However, with the widespread use of diagnostic ultrasonography in equine medicine, curb has been redefined as a collection of soft tissue injuries of the distal plantar hock region. Curb is a useful descriptive term when describing swelling in this area.
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31
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Cordite
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Cordite is a family of smokeless propellants developed and produced in the United Kingdom from 1889 to replace gunpowder as a military propellant. Like gunpowder, cordite is classified as a low explosive because of its slow burning rates and consequently low brisance. These produce a subsonic deflagration wave rather than the supersonic detonation wave produced by brisants, or high explosives. The hot gases produced by burning gunpowder or cordite generate sufficient pressure to propel a bullet or shell to its target, but not enough to destroy the barrel of the firearm, or gun.
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34
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Its a long way to tipperary
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"It's a Long Way to Tipperary" is a British music hall song written by Jack Judge and co-credited to, but not co-written by, Henry James "Harry" Williams.[1][2] It was allegedly written for a 5 shilling bet in Stalybridge on 30 January 1912 and performed the next night at the local music hall. Judge's parents were Irish, and his grandparents came from Tipperary.[3] It became popular among soldiers in the First World War and is remembered as a song of that war.
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37
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Phalanx
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Battle formation in which an army moves as one mass, often in several lines
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38
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Bugle Calls
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Informs troops of different battle formations and strategies
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39
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Blighty
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British slang term for Britain
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44
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Fritz
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Nickname for Friedrich, Fritz was also a name given to German troops by the British and others in the first and second world wars, equivalent to Tommy, as the British troops were called by German and other troops.
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44
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Trot
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A two-beat step of a horse where the diagonal pairs of legs move forward at the same time with a moment of suspension between each beat.
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44
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Gallop
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Asymmetrical gait of animals at high speeds
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46
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Bonjour, mes amis
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“Good day, my friend.”
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46
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Briarritz
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A city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées Atlantiques department in southwestern France. It is a luxurious seaside town and is popular with tourists and surfers.
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54
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Je suis un bloody sod, je suis un bloody bastard
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“I am a bloody sod, I am a bloody bastard”
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59
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Gefretier
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the German, Swiss and Austrian equivalent for the military rank Private
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60
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Batman
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a soldier or airman assigned to a commissioned officer as a personal servant. Before the advent of motorized transport, an officer's batman was also in charge of the officer's bathorse that carried the packsaddle with his officer's kit during a campaign.
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79
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Trojan Horse
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The Trojan Horse is a tale from the Trojan War about the subterfuge that the Greeks used to enter the city of Troy and end the conflict. In the canonical version, after a fruitless 10-year siege, the Greeks constructed a huge wooden horse, and hid a select force of men inside. The Greeks pretended to sail away, and the Trojans pulled the horse into their city as a victory trophy. That night the Greek force crept out of the horse and opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under cover of night. The Greeks entered and destroyed the city of Troy, decisively ending the war.
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79
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Pea-Souper
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pea-souper : Pea soup, or a pea souper, also known as a black fog or killer fog, is a very thick and often yellowish, greenish, or blackish smog, caused by air pollution that contains soot particulates and the poisonous gas sulphur dioxide. These very thick smogs occur in cities and are derived from the smoke given off by the burning of soft coal for home heating and in industrial processes. Smog of this intensity is often lethal to vulnerable people such as the elderly, the very young and those with respiratory problems. Such fogs were prevalent in UK cities, especially London where the smoke from millions of chimneys combined with the mists and fogs of theThames valley. The result was commonly known as a London particular or London fog, which then, in a reversal of the idiom, became the name for a thick pea and ham soup.
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83
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Sluiced
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Wash or rinse freely with a stream or shower of water.
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N/A
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German Gas Shell
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Germany employed gas bombs to strike against enemies during World War I. The primary gas agents used in WWI were chlorine, phosgene, a mix of chlorine and phosgene and mustard.
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N/A
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Shrapnel
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Developed in 1784 by the Royal Artillery in England, it is an ammunition carrying a large number of individual bullets close to the target, striking the target individually.
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